Three Days of Digital Rights: Here’s What’s Happening on Day One of FIFAfrica20!

FIFAfrica20 |

Not yet registered? Click here to gain an all-access pass into the Forum on Internet Freedom in Africa 2020

Day 1: Monday, 28 September 2020 

The Forum on Internet Freedom in Africa 2020 (FIFAfrica20) kicks off on Monday, 28 September 2020 which is also the International Day for Universal Access To Information (IDUAI). An opening panel of key actors in Africa’s digital landscape will explore the digital opportunities amidst the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic and implications on digital rights. The opening panel lineup includes Simon Allison, who in the midst of Covid-19 launched the Award-winning weekly publication The Continent, which introduced a unique disruption to journalism through its use of Whatsapp as a distribution platform.

Techprenuer and founder of the global enterprise application solutions provider AppsTech, Rebecca Enonchong will also share insights on some of the interesting digital shifts in Africa that have emerged in the wake of Covid-19. She will also reflect on the prevailing technology landscape and where we could potentially be heading as a continent.

#FIFAfrica20 Goodybag: As part of the Forum, we look forward to sharing the spirit of internet freedom in Africa. We have a few goody bags for standard attendees of the Forum!  So go ahead and share your vision for internet freedom in Africa (#InternetFreedomAfrica) and what stands out for you at #FIFAfrica. See what some of our friends have done Prudence Nyamishana, Nashilongo Gervasius, and Adéṣínà Ayẹni (Yoruba/English)
For more on the Forums including past events, visit: www.internetfreedom.africa

The African Freedom of Expression Exchange (AFEX) will host a session on data protection and privacy concerns in the fight against Covid-19  which will highlight some of the rushed Covid-19 related laws that emerged and their implications on freedom of expression, access to information and digital rights. The session will aim to make recommendations to civil society and other actors on how to advocate for the laws to be repealed or in some cases amended.
As strategic litigation continues to gain prominence as a tool for pushing back against regressive digital rights policy and practice in Africa, the Catalysts for Collaboration (C for C) have become a key resource for best practices and case studies on collaborating across disciplines in strategic litigation to advance digital rights. In 2017, the first version of the Catalysts for Collaboration was presented at FIFAfrica in Johanessburg, South Africa. Since then, the Catalysts have informed multiple training and learning sessions, including at FIFAfrica18 in Accra, Ghana and FIFAfrica19 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

In response to numerous requests, the Catalysts have now been translated from English into French, Spanish and Russian, making them accessible to a wider audience. At FIFAfrica20, the new C for C website will be formally launched. Lawyers, activists and others involved in some of the case studies will briefly present some of their learnings in collaborative strategic litigation projects, followed by an interactive discussion.

As part of an ongoing project, the Center for Digital Resilience (CDR) is supporting civil society to crowdsource and understand disinformation within communities. In a session titled  What the world needs now is a way to crowdsource the fight against disinformation, the CDR will introduce the FIFAfrica20 audience to Waterbear – a suite of tools that makes it easy to gather, analyse, and access data needed to expose disinformation patterns. The session will also share relevant disinformation resources from global partners, such as a 101 toolkit for NGOs/CSOs, and a roadmap for the civil society sector’s efforts to detect and respond to online manipulation.

Meanwhile, the rapid expansion of digital technologies across the globe has profoundly transformed the way in which citizens engage with one another. Yet, beyond the attractive benefits of many of these new tools are hidden costs and broader implications for digital rights that must be considered. The adoption of certain technologies may impede digital rights, such as issues relating to data protection or built-in mechanisms that allow unethical surveillance of citizens. As new technologies continue to be introduced across Africa, it is crucial that governments and citizens alike closely examine the risks and digital rights considerations for all new technologies. The Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) will host a session titled Buyer Beware: Understanding Implications of Technology for Digital Rights that will examine the primary considerations and risks that citizens should be aware of when it comes to adopting new technologies; actions that governments should take to protect the data of their citizens; and how international norms and standards can help governments and technology companies ensure that new technologies are deployed in a way that respects digital rights.

Similarly, the  Global Network Initiative (GNI) will explore Trends in Content Regulation in Africa and Beyond based on a recent study conducted over a dozen governmental initiatives on Content Regulation & Human Rights.

Day one of the forum will also feature two skills-building sessions. Virtually, CIPESA, in partnership with CIPE and Data4Change will host a Data Skills Foundation Course which will introduce participants to a  4-step data workflow. Through practical exercises and interactive quizzes, students will learn how to source secondary data through online research, how to format data and perform basic calculations using Google spreadsheets and how to create a simple data visualization suitable for publication on social media. The course will conclude with an assignment for each participant to write and pitch an idea for a data-driven project at their organisation. Secondly, at a remote hub in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, the Digital Security Group will be upskilling investigative journalists and human rights activists in risk assessment and digital security.

Lastly, look out for the daily Digital Security Hub, featuring multi-lingual (English, French and Arabic) tech security experts from across the continent, on hand to provide personal and organisation digital security support. You can find them in the exhibitor center or through the chat widget on the internetfreedom.africa website. The Digital Security Hub is a collaboration of DefendDefenders, Defenders Protection Initiative, Access Now, Greenhost, Digital Society of Africa, and the Digital Security Alliance.

 

The Forum on Internet Freedom in Africa 2020 (FIFAfrica20) is Open For Registration! 

FIFAfrica20 |
On September 28-30, 2020, the seventh edition of the annual Forum on Internet Freedom in Africa (FIFAfrica) will be co-hosted by the Collaboration on International ICT Policy for East and Southern Africa (CIPESA) and Paradigm Initiative (PIN).
FIFAfrica20 will be a hybrid event featuring online and offline engagements. In-country satellite events will be hosted in the Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire), Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo ), Dakar (Senegal) and Dar es Salaam (Tanzania).
We look forward to the lineup of speakers from a diversity of organisations across the world coming together to deliberate on issues such as misinformation, network disruptions, the impact of Covid-19 on digital rights (including on issues such as education, elections, access to information) through to online content moderation, strategic litigation, diversity and inclusivity online, consumer protection, artificial intelligence, and the continued concerns on data privacy.
As has been a constant, the Forum will also feature practical skills and knowledge for human rights defenders, media workers and policy makers on relevant topics. We will also host a digital security hub where participants can directly engage virtually with experts on their digital security concerns and questions.
Meanwhile, in support of digital rights advocacy and research communities of practice, we will host a Digital Rights Networks’ Convention aimed at showcasing and strengthening linkages between collaborative movements on digital rights in Africa.
Register for the Forum here

Call for Applications: Level Up Your OrgSec!

Announcement |

Are you worried about hackers and phishing? Are you an organisation with digital security concerns?  Do you want to pursue activism and advocacy safely and securely? If these descriptions sound like your organisation, then you shouldn’t miss out on joining this exciting and fast-paced program working with human rights technologists to improve your organisational security!

If you are a technologist, trainer, systems auditor, or IT staffer working with communities of human rights defenders and are interested in applying and developing skills for supporting organisations described above, we are looking for you too!

The Collaboration on International ICT Policy for East and Southern Africa (CIPESA) is seeking activists and human rights defenders in Ethiopia, Uganda, South Sudan, Kenya, and Tanzania looking to Level Up their organisational and information systems security capacity.

Organisations engaged will be supported to assess the information security standing of their offices, networks, devices, and assets such as accounts, databases, and websites. They will additionally receive support to establish more robust information systems with strong security safeguards. Organisations will additionally be advised on developing IT Security policies and building internal capacity to maintain security in the long-term.

To indicate your interest, fill in the form for organisations here and individuals here by September 13, 2020

CIPESA Joins Call Urging Burundi Gov't To #KeepItOn During Elections

Joint Letter |

The Collaboration on International ICT Policy for East and Southern Africa (CIPESA) has joined 30 international human  rights advocacy groups of the #KeepItOn coalition in urging authorities in Burundi to ensure that the May 20, 2020 elections will be void of any network disruption of digital communications  and to enable voters to freely elect their leaders.

The state of internet freedom in Burundi has been precarious due to the continued tightened  control over independent media and critical online publishers by the government. See the 2019 report on the State of Internet Freedom in Burundi

The coalition has submitted a joint letter to the government of Burundi to ensure open, secure and stable access to the internet and social media platforms throughout the country’s presidential elections. The signatories appealed to the authorities in Burundi to consider the following recommendations to guarantee citizens’ active participation in the elections:

  • Ensure that the internet, including social media and other digital communication platforms, remains accessible throughout the elections
  • Ensure that the Agence de Régulation et de Contrôle des Télécommunications (ARCT) and the Conseil National de la Communication take all the necessary regulatory measures to ensure internet service providers  (ISPs) inform people of any form of disruption or interference in the provision of internet access
  • Order the unblocking of all websites of independent media outlets that are currently inaccessible in the country

. Read the joint letter.

How Technology is Aiding the Covid-19 Fight in Africa

By CIPESA staff |

As the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) continues to spread globally, various African governments have imposed sweeping measures such as travel bans, curfews, prohibition of mass gatherings, mandatory quarantines, closure of learning institutions, entertainment spots and borders to curb the pandemic. Some of these measures have boosted the use of digital technologies. But in some countries, responses are marred by pre-existing regressive measures and could affect the enjoyment of digital rights during and post-coronavirus.

Various governments have been quick to encourage mobile money use for local transactions and payment for goods and services in lieu of cash, to stem the contagion. In response, mobile network operators have increased daily limits and waived fees on nominal transfers via mobile money. Effective March 17, for 90 days, Kenya’s Safaricom increased the daily transaction limit via M-Pesa from Kenya Shillings (KES) 140,000 to KES 300,000 (USD 1,400 to USD 3,000) and waived fees off peer-to-peer transfers up to USD 10. Airtel and MTN have done the same in their major markets including Cameroon, Ghana, Rwanda, Sudan, South Africa, Uganda and Zambia.

Other efforts by telecom companies have included doubling internet speeds for home fibre packages at no extra cost to users for at least a month and the deployment of Google Loon to boost 4G network coverage in remote areas in Kenya; promotional ‘work from home’ data bundles and a campaign to educate the public on the pandemic by MTN Uganda; and zero-rating information from the health ministry website and free text messaging services to ‘keep public connected’ by Airtel Uganda

Global mobile operator Vodafone, operational in 10 African countries, is reported to have said that it is offering governments the ability to send text messages free of charge to people living in areas that have been hit by the coronavirus. MTN Cameroon is supporting the national response strategy through dissemination of awareness messages and facilitation of communications between health personnel and the operations of test centres. All providers in Cameroon – Camtel, MTN, Orange and Viettel – are offering subsidised data bundles to facilitate remote work and citizens’ access to information via the internet.

Meanwhile, broadcast media is increasingly being recognised as an essential service alongside more recent digital media forms as a channel for public sensitisation. To ensure access to current information, the pan-African pay TV operator DStv/Multichoice is availing 24-hour news channels to non-subscribers for free. 

The potential of technology to facilitate containment of the spread of the coronavirus notwithstanding, the internet is now also posing a significant threat to fighting the pandemic. Social media in many African countries has been awash with speculation, false and misleading information on Covid-19. In Uganda, unverified reports circulated that a Rwandan national who had tested positive for Covid-19 had escaped to Uganda. In Kenya, vigilantes acting on false information beat a man to death on suspicion of having the coronavirus.

National health authorities and the World Health Organization (WHO) are also  fighting disinformation on the virus through counter-narratives online and offline. For instance, Uganda’s health ministry used its social media accounts to dispel several false reports of positive cases that were circulating prior to confirmation of the first case. Many African governments have set up portals, opened toll-free lines and WhatsApp channels to disseminate reliable information on the pandemic as well as enable citizens to report suspected cases. These channels are available in multiple languages.

In Senegal, the Covid-19.gouv.sn platform set up by the State Information Technology Agency (ADIE), provides reliable information on Covid-19, practical advice and awareness videos, and statistics on the spread of the virus via an interactive dashboard showing data for each locality. Individuals can also report a case of infection via the covid19.gouv.sn platform. Additionally, a “Doctor covid chatbot” accessible on Whatsapp allows dynamic interactions with integrated voice in French and Wolof.

Further, social media platforms have not only served as moderators of content on the virus but also as conduits of information from their users, including those with malicious intent. However, Facebook has indicated that due to its staff working from home, it is currently relying more on automated tools, rather than individuals, to identify problematic content. As a result, mistakes could be made and it may take longer to take down harmful content.

The front line against misinformation online has also shifted to legislative means which have been received with concern. Upon declaring Covid-19 a national disaster, South Africa passed regulations criminalising the spread of false news on the virus, punishable by up to six months imprisonment, a fine, or both.

In Kenya, the health minister said misinformation was jeopardising the government’s efforts to fight Covid-19 and warned that authorities would arrest those spreading false information. Kenya’s cyber crimes law has since been used to prosecute two individuals for spreading false information. Well-known blogger Robert Alai was charged over claims that two individuals had died in the coastal city of Mombasa; while another individual was arrested for claiming the government was lying about the first coronavirus case in Kenya.

Uganda’s communications regulator issued an advisory warning against circulation of false information on Covid-19. In Guinea, Kaka Touda, an independent journalist, was arrested in early March for posting information on social media about a possible Covid-19 case at the National referral hospital.

Nonetheless, some countries have in place measures that undermine citizens’ access to digital communications, which hampers the use of ICT in fighting against the spread of the coronavirus. For instance, Ethiopia still maintains an internet blockade on the Oromia region, denying citizens access to critical information. Uganda’s social media tax of USD 0.05 per day of access is an impediment to access to information for many citizens, notably lower income groups. In most of Africa, internet access remains out of reach for many, with high taxation being a key driver of the high cost of access.

In Cameroon, MTN has committed to “ensure the availability of its network and its services, to allow Cameroonians to stay connected in these difficult times”. This is particularly crucial as Cameroon has in the past initiated two internet shutdowns in the Anglophone region of the country, which together lasted 240 days.

As the situation on the pandemic evolves, governments and telecom companies should refrain from arbitrarily shutting down the internet as a way of containing misinformation and false news, as this would violate citizens’ right to express themselves and to access information, and the resulting information void would provide fertile ground for the virus to spread. Meanwhile, taxes on access to vital platforms such as social media should be scrapped to enhance citizens’ access to information

Follow the CIPESA (@cipesaug) hashtag #InternetFreedomAfrica which has a Twitter thread on Covid-19 developments from around the continent.